disablehelp，干货看这篇!新目标英语八下UNIT 2复习纲要

unit 2i ' ll help to clean up the city parks。

A节(1a-1c)

1.offer help主动支持

Offer sb sth。=offer sth。to sb。

主动向某人提供某物。

2.work outside在户外工作

3.清洁clean up the city parks城市公园

4.help others帮助别人

5.cheer them up使他们振作起来。

6.give out food/at the food bank

食品行(食品经济处)分发食品

7.an after-school study计划

课外学习活动

a部分(2a-2d)

1.we could give our seat to the old on the bus。

我们可以在公共汽车上给老人让座。

用could表示委婉的建议

could 是情态动词can的过去式, 但常用来表示委婉的语气，此时与过去式无关，语气比can 更委婉。可以用来表示建议或劝告，意为“可以；不妨”。

①The boy could give out food at the food bank.

②The girl could volunteer in an after-school study program to teach kids.

③The boy could help to clean up the city parks.

2. a group of students 一组学生

3. come up with a plan 想出一个计划

4. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事

5. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.

清扫日离现在只有两周了。

6. put off making a plan 推迟制订计划

put off doing sth. 推迟做某事

7. put up signs 张贴标志牌

put up 张贴，悬挂，搭建

put up a picture 贴一幅画

put up a flag 挂上一面旗子

put up a tent 搭帐篷

8. Let’s make some notices, too.

咱们也制作一些布告吧。

①notice，名词，“通知，布告，传单，公告”

②notice，动词，“注意到”

这是常用作感官动词：

notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事

notcie sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事

9. Then I’ll hand them out after school.

然后我们可以在放学以后分发他们。

hand out 分发 hand in 上交

give out 分发 give in 屈服

Phrasal Verbs短语动词

短语动词是指英语中有些动词和其他词类一起连用，构成一个固定词组，可看成一个整体，相当于一个单独的动词，这种组合称之为短语动词。短语动词的构成基本有下列几种:

★动词+ 介词

此类短语动词可以用作及物动词, 后面必须接宾语。

Look at the blackboard, please! 请看黑板！

此类短语动词还有listen to（听）, depend on / upon（依靠，取决于）, look for（寻找）, deal with（处理）, look after（照顾，看管）, take after（像）, wait for（等待）等。

★动词+ 副词

此类短语动词既可以用作及物动词, 也可以用作不及物动词。

I get up very early every morning. 我每天早晨都很早起床。

Can you work out this problem? 你能做出这道题吗？

注意: 当此类短语动词用作及物动词时, 如果宾语是名词, 可以将其放在短语的后面, 也可以放在动词和副词之间；如果宾语是代词, 则必须将其放在动词和副词之间，总之，“放在中间最保险”。

He put on his clothes quickly.

= He put his clothes on quickly.

他快速地穿上了衣服。

此类短语动词还有：

clean up（清扫）, cheer up（使振作）, give out（分发）, eat up（吃光）, fix up（修理）, give up（放弃）, give away（捐赠）, hand out（分发）, help out（分担）, put off（推迟）, put up（张贴）, take off（脱下，起飞）等。

10. this summer 今年夏天

last summer 去年夏天

next summer 明年夏天

注意：这三个短语前都不能用介词。

11. help out with sth. 分 担某事

12. care for sb. 关心，照顾，非常喜欢

care about sb. 关心

Section A（3a-3c）

1. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事

2. Students who volunteer 做志愿者的学生

3. give up several hours each week

每周抽出几个小时的时间

give up + n./v-ing 放弃……

4. an animal doctor 兽医

5. dream job 理想工作

6. It’s hard work. 这是辛苦的工作。

hard work，形容词hard修饰名词work，“辛苦的工作”

work hard，副词hard修饰动词work，“努力工作，努力学习”

7. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction / when I see the animals get better and the look of joy / on their owners' faces.

当我看到动物们（病情）渐好，看到主人脸上的喜悦表情时，我得到了那么一种强烈的满足感来。

①a feeling of satisfaction “满足感”

②see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事

③the look of joy 喜悦的表情

④get

实意动词，“得到，获得”；

系动词，“变得”

How did you get such an idea? 产生，获得

He got angry with me after that. 变得

= He was angry with me after that

8. a book lover 读书爱好者

9. She could read by herself at the age of four.

她在4岁的时候就能自己独自看书。

①by myself “独自” = alone = on my own

②at the age of four 在四岁时

= at her age of four 在她四岁时

= when she was four当她四岁时

10. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 去年，他觉得参加一项课外志愿者读书活动。

①decide to do sth. 决定做某事

②try out for sth. 为……而参加选拔

11. go on a different journey

进行一次不同的旅行

①journey，“长途旅行”

②trip, “直达目的地的短途旅行”

③travel, “旅行的总称”

12. Volunteering here is a dream (come true) for me.

在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。

①Volunteering here 动词ing短语做主语

②a dream (come true)

“一个已经实现的梦想”

come在这里是过去分词，come true是过去分词短语作a dream的后置定语。

I got the latest CD player as a birthday present yesterday. It was just a dream come true!

昨天我收到了最新的CD播放器作为一份生日礼物，真是梦想成真了。

13. I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.

我可以做我自己喜欢的事，同时也可以帮助他人。

①what I love to do

宾语从句“我喜欢做的事”

还有：what I said “我说过的话”

②at the same time “同时”

14. Mario works for an animal hospital.

马里奥为一家动物医院工作。

work for 为……工作

work as +职业

He works as a teacher. 他是当老师的。

=He is a teacher.

work out 解决，解答出，计算出

Nobody can work out the math problem except Lucy. 除了露西以外，没有人能解答出这道数学难题。

Section A（4a-4c）

1. homeless people 无家可归的人

2. be busy with sth. = be busy doing sth.

忙于做某事

3. the book sale 图书促销活动

4. be worried about = worry about 担心

5. in their free time 在他们的空闲时间里

6. There are many people (who are less lucky than us).

有许多比我们更不幸的人。（定语从句）

less lucky = more unlucky

7. spend our free time 打发我们的空闲时间

8. raise money 筹款

raise a cat as my pet 养一只猫当宠物

= keep a cat as my pet

9. travel alone 独自旅行

Don’t travel too far.

不要到太远的地方旅行。

Section B（1a-1e）

1. run out of = use up

“用完”、“卖光”。

句子的主语是人。注意不能用于被动语态。

I run out of my money.

= I use up my money.

2. take after ≈look like ,be similar to “像”

I take after my mother.

“强调性格等内在品质的相像”

3. fix up = repair(修理)

I fixed it up.

4. broken bicycle parts 破损的自行车部件

Section B（2a-2e）

1. set up 建立，成立

They set up an organization to help disabled people.

disabled people = the disabled残疾人

2. make it possible for sb. to do sth.

“使对于某人来说有可能做某事”

（it是形式宾语，possible是形容词作make的宾补）

Your help makes it possible for him to succeed. 对于他来说，你的帮助使他才有可能成功。

make的宾补三种词，名词形容词动词原形。

①make＋宾语＋名词，“使……”。

We made him a monitor.

我们选他当班长。

②make＋宾语＋形容词，“使……”

His words made me happy.

他的话让我很开心。

③make＋宾语＋动词原形，

“让…… 做……”

He made me work ten hours a day.

他让我一天工作十小时。

3. make a big difference to sth.

对某物发挥重要作用

What you did make a difference to my life.

你所做的事对我的生活产生了很大影响。

4. have these difficulties 遇到这些困难

5. normal things 普通的事情

6. a friend of mine 我的一个朋友

7. help me out 帮我脱离困境

8. get me a special trained dog

给我一只受过特殊训练的狗

9. be excited about 对……感到兴奋

He seemed to be excited about something.

他似乎因为什么事情而激动不已。

10. give him orders 给他发出指令

这里order是名词，order也可以做动词。

order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事

order food 点菜

11. at once 立刻

12. send you a photo of him

给你发一张他的照片

= send a photo of him to you

13. Lucky is a fantastic dog.

Lucky是一只了不起的狗。

fantastic 形容词，“极好的”

反义词awful，“极坏的”

14. Best wishes (to you).

（向您致意）最好的祝愿。

15. the other day 第二天（仅限过去）

one day 有一天（既可以表示过去也可以表示将来）

some day 某一天，有朝一日（仅限将来）

16. In what other ways 在另外哪些方面

What other animals 其他什么动物

What other things 其他什么东西

= What else 还有什么

Section B（3a-3b）

1. volunteer work 志愿者工作

2. work in an old people’s home

在一家敬老院工作

3. be a guide 当导游

4. interests and hobbies 兴趣和爱好

5. be strong in = be good at = do well in擅长

be weak in = be bad at 不擅长

6. Dear Sir or Madam,

尊敬的先生或女士，（常用于工作正式信函的开头，不知对方是性别）

7. Yours truly,

您真诚的朋友（信函结束语）

8. 佳作欣赏假设你是校英语报的小记者，请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，报道上周你校举行的志愿者活动。

Last Saturday we visited a hope school.

It was a great way to know some other children's life. We had a party with the students there. We also helped them clean up their classrooms. The head teacher told us some stories about some hard-working students (who are from very poor families). And in order to raise money for them，we held a big sale in our school playground the next day. We raised a lot of money.

I think being a volunteer is really great and I would like to help more people.

Self Check

1. The boy could give out food / at the food bank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。

2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.

清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。

3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. 每周六上午，他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。

4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.

去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。

5. . . . you can see in their eyes that they're going on a different journey with each new book.

……从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。

6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.

我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。

7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.

现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。

8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。